Acetyl-L-Carnitine untuk Age-Related Cognitive Decline
C Bukti Bukti terbatas dari studi kecil, namun beberapa sinyal positif ada.Mixed results in healthy adults but more consistently positive outcomes in elderly populations with existing cognitive concerns. Used as a prescription drug in some European countries for cognitive impairment.
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C
Kesimpulan
Mixed results in healthy adults but more consistently positive outcomes in elderly populations with existing cognitive concerns. Used as a prescription drug in some European countries for cognitive impairment.
Key Study Findings
Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparative study of choline alfoscerate as a combination therapy with donepezil: A mixed double-blind randomized …
Dose: None
vs: None
Outcome: Cognitive decline
Efek: None
None
Populasi: Alzheimer's disease patients
Systematic Review
Acetyl-L-Carnitine in Dementia and Other Cognitive Disorders: A Critical Update.
Dose: None
vs: None
Outcome: None
Efek: None
None
Populasi: None
Review
Chronic pain and adult hippocampal neurogenesis: translational implications from preclinical studies.
Dose: None
vs: None
Outcome: None
Efek: None
None
Populasi: Chronic pain patients (preclinical review)
Review
Alpha-synuclein, epigenetics, mitochondria, metabolism, calcium traffic, & circadian dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. An integrated strategy …
Dose: None
vs: None
Outcome: None
Efek: None
None
Populasi: Parkinson's disease patients
Controlled Clinical Trial
Effect of mitochondrial cofactors and antioxidants supplementation on cognition in the aged canine.
Dose: mitochondrial cofactors + antioxidants
vs: control diet
Outcome: cognitive function in aged dogs
Efek: improved learning and memory
None
Populasi: Aged beagle dogs
Randomized Controlled Trial
n=106
Double-blind
A Phase II Randomized Clinical Trial of a Nutritional Formulation for Cognition and Mood in …
Dose: None
vs: placebo
Outcome: None
Efek: None
p = 0.0083
Populasi: Alzheimer's disease patients
Key Statistics
14
Studi
1000
Peserta
↑
Positive
C
Peringkat
Referenced Papers
Medicine
2024
3 sitasi
Nutrients
2020
72 sitasi
Ageing research reviews
2017
56 sitasi
Journal of pain …
2017
49 sitasi
Effect of mitochondrial cofactors and antioxidants supplementation on cognition in the aged canine.
Other
Neurobiology of aging
2016
19 sitasi
Journal of Alzheimer's …
2015
112 sitasi
The Cochrane database …
2015
33 sitasi
n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation enhances hippocampal functionality in aged mice.
Other
Frontiers in aging …
2014
111 sitasi
The journal of …
2010
70 sitasi
Nutrition research (New …
2009
65 sitasi
Alternative medicine review …
2008
FASEB journal : …
2007
52 sitasi
Acetyl-L-carnitine for dementia.
Systematic Review
The Cochrane database …
2003
94 sitasi
Alternative medicine review …
1999
112 sitasi
La Clinica terapeutica
1990
3 sitasi
International journal of …
1990
Dosage & Usage
mg = milligrams · mcg = micrograms (1,000× smaller) · IU = International Units
Dosis yang Umum Digunakan
- general:
- 500-2,000 mg/day
- cognitivesupport:
- 1,500-3,000 mg/day
Batas atas: Well-tolerated up to 3,000 mg/day
Dosis yang Diteliti dalam Penelitian
| Dosis | Durasi | Efek | N |
|---|---|---|---|
| None | -- | Positive | -- |
| None | -- | Positive | -- |
| None | -- | Mixed | -- |
| None | -- | Mixed | -- |
| mitochondrial cofactors + antioxidants | -- | Positive | -- |
| None | -- | Positive | 106 |
| None | -- | Positive | 427 |
| None | 8.0 weeks | Positive | -- |
Waktu terbaik diminum: Morning, on empty stomach or with meals
Safety & Side Effects
Efek Samping yang Dilaporkan
- ⚠ Gastrointestinal discomfort (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
- ⚠ Fishy body odor
- ⚠ Restlessness or insomnia
- ⚠ Increased appetite
Interaksi yang Diketahui
- ● Anticoagulants (may increase bleeding risk)
- ● Thyroid medications (may enhance thyroid hormone effects)
- ● AZT (antiretroviral — may reduce neuropathy)
Asupan atas yang dapat ditoleransi: Well-tolerated up to 3,000 mg/day
Selalu konsultasikan dengan tenaga kesehatan Anda sebelum memulai suplemen apa pun.Selalu konsultasikan dengan penyedia layanan kesehatan Anda sebelum memulai suplemen apa pun.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does Acetyl-L-Carnitine help with Age-Related Cognitive Decline?
Based on 14 studies with 1,000 participants, there is limited but promising evidence that Acetyl-L-Carnitine may support Age-Related Cognitive Decline management. Our evidence grade is C (Some Evidence).
How much Acetyl-L-Carnitine should I take for Age-Related Cognitive Decline?
Studies have used various dosages. A commonly studied range is 500-2,000 mg/day. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen.
Are there side effects of Acetyl-L-Carnitine?
Reported side effects may include Gastrointestinal discomfort (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), Fishy body odor, Restlessness or insomnia, Increased appetite. Most side effects are mild and dose-dependent. Consult your doctor if you experience any adverse reactions.
How strong is the evidence for Acetyl-L-Carnitine and Age-Related Cognitive Decline?
We rate the evidence as Grade C (Some Evidence). This rating is based on 14 peer-reviewed studies with 1,000 total participants. The overall direction of effect is positive.
Related Evidence
Bahan lain untuk Age-Related Cognitive Decline
Acetyl-L-Carnitine untuk kondisi lain
References
- [1] Wankiun Lee et al.. Medicine (Baltimore). 2024. Comparative study of choline alfoscerate as a combination therapy with donepezil: A mixed double-blind randomized controlled and open-label observation trial. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000038067 PubMed
- [2] Manuela Pennisi et al.. Nutrients. 2020. Acetyl-L-Carnitine in Dementia and Other Cognitive Disorders: A Critical Update. doi:10.3390/nu12051389 PubMed
- [3] Oliver T Phillipson. Ageing Res Rev. 2017. Alpha-synuclein, epigenetics, mitochondria, metabolism, calcium traffic, & circadian dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. An integrated strategy for management. doi:10.1016/j.arr.2017.09.006 PubMed
- [4] Mariagrazia Grilli. J Pain Res. 2017. Chronic pain and adult hippocampal neurogenesis: translational implications from preclinical studies. doi:10.2147/JPR.S146399 PubMed
- [5] Shikha Snigdha et al.. Neurobiol Aging. 2016. Effect of mitochondrial cofactors and antioxidants supplementation on cognition in the aged canine. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.09.015 PubMed
- [6] Ruth Remington et al.. J Alzheimers Dis. 2015. A Phase II Randomized Clinical Trial of a Nutritional Formulation for Cognition and Mood in Alzheimer's Disease. doi:10.3233/JAD-142499 PubMed
- [7] Nuala Livingstone et al.. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015. Pharmacological interventions for cognitive decline in people with Down syndrome. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011546.pub2 PubMed
- [8] Debora Cutuli et al.. Front Aging Neurosci. 2014. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation enhances hippocampal functionality in aged mice. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2014.00220 PubMed
- [9] A Chan et al.. J Nutr Health Aging. 2010. A vitamin/nutriceutical formulation improves memory and cognitive performance in community-dwelling adults without dementia. doi:10.1007/s12603-010-0054-5 PubMed
- [10] James Suchy et al.. Nutr Res. 2009. Dietary supplementation with a combination of alpha-lipoic acid, acetyl-L-carnitine, glycerophosphocoline, docosahexaenoic acid, and phosphatidylserine reduces oxidative damage to murine brain … doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2008.11.004 PubMed
- [11] Parris M Kidd. Altern Med Rev. 2008. Alzheimer's disease, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and age-associated memory impairment: current understanding and progress toward integrative prevention. PubMed
- [12] N W Milgram et al.. FASEB J. 2007. Acetyl-L-carnitine and alpha-lipoic acid supplementation of aged beagle dogs improves learning in two landmark discrimination tests. doi:10.1096/fj.07-8531com PubMed
- [13] S Hudson et al.. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003. Acetyl-L-carnitine for dementia. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003158 PubMed
- [14] P M Kidd. Altern Med Rev. 1999. A review of nutrients and botanicals in the integrative management of cognitive dysfunction. PubMed
- [15] M Neri et al.. Clin Ter. 1990. [Methodology of a clinical controlled study of L-acetylcarnitine]. PubMed
- [16] W M Herrmann et al.. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1990. Pharmaco-electroencephalographic and clinical effects of the cholinergic substance--acetyl-L-carnitine--in patients with organic brain syndrome. PubMed
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