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Zinc 図

11 査読済み研究からの図表

すべて Vitamin E Green Tea Extract (EGCG) Citicoline Folate Zinc Bacopa monnieri Omega-3 Fatty Acids (DHA/EPA) Alpha-Lipoic Acid Creatine Resveratrol Vitamin D L-Theanine Vitamin B12 Ginkgo biloba Lutein & Zeaxanthin Melatonin Rhodiola rosea Panax Ginseng Phosphatidylserine Taurine Curcumin Uridine Monophosphate
All Types Chart Diagram Photograph Flowchart Forest Plot Micrograph Other
Figure 11
Figure 11

Supplementary or concluding data on manganese homeostasis consequences are presented. The review emphasizes that maintaining manganese within a narrow physiological range is critical for preventing both deficiency-related enzyme dysfunction and toxicity-related neurodegeneration.

Consequences of Disturbing Manganese Homeostasis.

Figure 1. Iron metabolism in the enterocyte and hemochromatosis. (A) Iron is absorbed as Fe2+ through reduction by DcytB/STEAP, and transported via DMT1. In the case iron is bound to heme, it can be transported via heme carrier 1. Another route is via rec
Figure 2

Figure 1. Iron metabolism in the enterocyte and hemochromatosis. (A) Iron is absorbed as Fe2+ through reduction by DcytB/STEAP, and transported via DMT1. In the case iron is bound to …

Metabolic Derangement of Essential Transition Metals and Potential Antioxidant Therapies.

Figure 2. Zinc metabolism in the enterocyte and its overload. (A) Zinc is absorbed as Zn2+ via the ZIPs (mainly ZIP4) and can be excreted into the intestinal lumen by the ZnTs. In the enterocytes, Zn2+ can be found as cytoplasmic free zinc (which can bind
Figure 3

Figure 2. Zinc metabolism in the enterocyte and its overload. (A) Zinc is absorbed as Zn2+ via the ZIPs (mainly ZIP4) and can be excreted into the intestinal lumen by …

Metabolic Derangement of Essential Transition Metals and Potential Antioxidant Therapies.

Figure 4
Figure 4

Metabolic Derangement of Essential Transition Metals and Potential Antioxidant Therapies.

Figure 3. Copper metabolism in the enterocytes and Wilson disease. (A) Copper is reduced to Cu+ by STEAP or DcytB, and transported mainly via CTR1, but also by DMT1/CTR2. Thereupon,
Figure 5

Figure 3. Copper metabolism in the enterocytes and Wilson disease. (A) Copper is reduced to Cu+ by STEAP or DcytB, and transported mainly via CTR1, but also by DMT1/CTR2. Thereupon,

Metabolic Derangement of Essential Transition Metals and Potential Antioxidant Therapies.

Figure 6
Figure 6

Metabolic Derangement of Essential Transition Metals and Potential Antioxidant Therapies.

Figure 4. Manganese metabolism and hypermanganesemia. (A) Manganese can be taken up as Mn2+ via DMT1, ZIP, or Ca2+ channels, or as Mn3+ by binding to transferrin. In mitochondria, Mn2+ works as a cofactor for MnSOD (SOD2). Manganese (Mn2+) can also influe
Figure 7

Figure 4. Manganese metabolism and hypermanganesemia. (A) Manganese can be taken up as Mn2+ via DMT1, ZIP, or Ca2+ channels, or as Mn3+ by binding to transferrin. In mitochondria, Mn2+ …

Metabolic Derangement of Essential Transition Metals and Potential Antioxidant Therapies.

Figure 5. Overview of cellular mechanisms related to toxicity by essential transition metals. (A) Different metabolic pathways in the cell use O2, e.g., oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria. The generation of ROS, such as H2O2 and •O−
Figure 8

Figure 5. Overview of cellular mechanisms related to toxicity by essential transition metals. (A) Different metabolic pathways in the cell use O2, e.g., oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria. The generation …

Metabolic Derangement of Essential Transition Metals and Potential Antioxidant Therapies.

Figure 9
Figure 9

Metabolic Derangement of Essential Transition Metals and Potential Antioxidant Therapies.

Figure 10
Figure 10

Metabolic Derangement of Essential Transition Metals and Potential Antioxidant Therapies.

Figure 11
Figure 11

Metabolic Derangement of Essential Transition Metals and Potential Antioxidant Therapies.